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CENSUS
OF
ENGLAND AND WALES
1921
GENERAL REPORT
WITH
APPENDICES
LONDON:
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE
To be purchased directly from H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE at the following addresses:
Adastral House, Kingsway, London, W.C.2; 120, George Street, Edinburgh;
York Street, Manchester; 1, St. Andrew's Crescent, Cardiff;
15, Donegal Square West, Belfast;
or through any Bookseller.
1927.
Price 5s.
0d.
Net.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
REPORT.
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I.— |
INTRODUCTION
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1. |
Historical Survey |
1 |
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2. |
Preparations for the Census |
1 |
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(a) Legislation |
1 |
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(b) Preparation of schedule and method of presenting results |
1 |
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(c) Preparatory work at Census Office |
3 |
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3. |
Scheme of publication |
4 |
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4. |
Progress after Census Day |
5 |
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(a) Duties of local officers and issue of Preliminary Report |
5 |
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(b) Tabulation Procedure |
6 |
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(c) Publication |
7 |
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5. |
Staff employed |
8 |
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6. |
Cost of the Census |
9 |
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II.— |
POPULATION
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1. |
General— |
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Definition of Population |
10 |
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Postponement of the census |
11 |
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Exceptions to normal classification by place of enumeration |
11 |
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Population of England and Wales |
11 |
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Intercensal Movement |
12 |
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Revision of Intercensal Estimates of Population |
15 |
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International Changes in Population |
16 |
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Density of Population |
18 |
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Divisions of the Country |
18 |
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Geographical Divisions |
19 |
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2. |
Administrative Areas— |
19 |
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County Areas |
22 |
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Densities of Population in Counties |
23 |
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Urban and Rural Divisions |
23 |
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London and Great Towns |
25 |
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London Administrative County and the "Outer Ring" |
28 |
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Civil Parishes, and Wards of Urban Areas |
29 |
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Poor Law Unions and Registration Areas |
29 |
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3. |
Parliamentary Areas |
30 |
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4. |
Ecclesiastical Areas |
32 |
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5. |
Other Areas |
33 |
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III.— |
BUILDINGS, DWELLINGS, ROOMS AND FAMILIES
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Scope of the Inquiry |
34 |
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Definition of "Private Family" |
35 |
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Definition of "Rooms" |
35 |
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Buildings and Dwellings |
35 |
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Proportion of Families to Dwellings |
37 |
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Size of Family in relation to Number of Rooms occupied |
39 |
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Comparison (by number of rooms) of Dwellings and separate Family-occupations |
44 |
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Families and Housing in Urban and Rural Districts |
45 |
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Families and Housing in Counties and Large Towns |
48 |
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IV.— |
INSTITUTIONS
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58 |
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V.— |
SEXES, AGES AND MARITAL CONDITIONS
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1. |
Sexes— |
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Sex Proportions |
60 |
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Local Variations in Sex Proportions |
62 |
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Sex Proportions in other Countries |
63 |
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2. |
Ages— |
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Tabulation |
63 |
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Comparison with previous censuses |
64 |
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Comparison with other Countries |
67 |
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Sections of the country |
69 |
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Misstatements |
72 |
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(1) Local Errors |
72 |
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(2) Deliberate or Biased Misstatements and Omissions |
76 |
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3. |
Marital Conditions |
81 |
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Census Ages of Husbands and Wives |
174 |
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VI.— |
EDUCATION
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84 |
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VII.— |
OCCUPATIONS AND INDUSTRIES
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1. |
Scope of the Inquiry |
85 |
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2. |
Revised Classifications |
86 |
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3. |
Proportions occupied at various Ages |
89 |
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4. |
Occupations of Males |
93 |
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5. |
Occupations of Females |
117 |
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6. |
Age Distribution in Occupations. Males |
127 |
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7. |
Age Distribution in Occupations. Females |
132 |
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8. |
Occupations of Foreigners |
137 |
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9. |
Industries |
137 |
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VIII.— |
BIRTHPLACE AND NATIONALITY
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Scope of the Inquiry |
146 |
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Summary of Birthplaces |
146 |
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Natives of Scotland and Ireland |
148 |
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Persons Born in British Dominions, etc. |
149 |
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Persons Born in Foreign Countries, or at Sea |
150 |
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1. |
British Subjects Born in Foreign Countries |
151 |
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2. |
British Subjects by Birth |
151 |
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3. |
British Subjects by Naturalization |
152 |
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4. |
Foreign Born Persons of Alien and Unstated Nationality |
152 |
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5. |
Local Distribution of Foreigners |
155 |
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6. |
Sex, Age and Martial Condition of Foreigners |
157 |
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7. |
Occupations of Foreigners |
160 |
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8. |
Persons Born at Sea |
160 |
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IX.— |
DEPENDENCY, ORPHANHOOD, AND FERTILITY
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1. |
Dependency |
160 |
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2. |
Orphanhood |
171 |
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3. |
Fertility |
175 |
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X.— |
WELSH LANGUAGE
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183 |
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Age distribution of the several classes |
185 |
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Local distribution of the several language classes |
187 |
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XI.— |
WORKPLACES
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190 |
TABLES.
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Page |
POPULATION
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I. |
Population, 1801-1921. England and Wales
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12 |
II. |
Intercensal Movements, 1871-1921
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14 |
III. |
Annual Movement, 1911-20
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14 |
IV. |
Revised Intercensal Estimates of Population of England and Wales, 1911-20
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16 |
V. |
Population and Approximate Decennial Increase per cent. in England and Wales and in certain other Countries, 1891-1921
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17 |
VI. |
Densities at each Census, 1801-1921. England and Wales
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18 |
VII. |
Populations and Intercensal Changes in six Geographical Divisions of England and Wales, 1901-1921
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19 |
VIII. |
Administrative Counties (including County Boroughs) arranged in order of Population, 1921
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20 |
IX. |
Administrative Counties (including County Boroughs) arranged in order of 1911-21 Increase per cent. of Population, and showing the Increase per cent. of Population in the Intercensal Periods 1911-21 and 1901-11 respectively, and the Number of Persons per Acre at the 1921 Census
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20 |
X. |
Comparison of aggregates of Urban and Rural Districts, 1891-1921. England and Wales
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23 |
XI. |
Classification of Urban Districts by Population. England and Wales
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24 |
XII. |
Increase in aggregates of Towns of various sizes, 1891-1921. England and Wales
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24 |
XIII. |
Population, 1901-21. Towns with Population over 50,000; arranged according to size
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25 |
XIV. |
Population, 1861-1921. London and the "Outer Ring"
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28 |
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BUILDINGS, ETC.
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XV. |
Buildings. England and Wales, 1921
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36 |
XVI. |
Number of Dwellings and Private Families, England and Wales, 1921 and 1911
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37 |
XVII. |
Distribution of 10,000 Dwellings according to size of Occupation, England and Wales, 1921
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37 |
XVIIII. |
Distribution of 1,000 Dwellings according to size of Occupation, and Average number of Families per Dwelling in certain Administrative Counties
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38 |
XIX. |
Distribution of Private Families according to the Number of Rooms occupied. England and Wales
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39 |
XX. |
Distribution of Private Families according to the Number of Persons in Family. England and Wales
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40 |
XXI. |
Population and Proportion per cent. of Population living under various conditions of Room Accommodation, 1921 and 1911. England and Wales
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41 |
XXII. |
Rooms per Family and Rooms per Person, 1911 and 1921. England and Wales
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42 |
XXIII. |
Distribution of 1,000 Private Families by size of family, 1921
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45 |
XXIV. |
Distribution of 1,000 Private Families by number of rooms occupied, 1921
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45 |
XXV. |
Density of Occupation, 1921
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47 |
XXVI. |
Housing of Private Families, 1921. England and Wales and Administrative Counties
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50 |
XXVII. |
Housing of Private Families, 1921. Large Towns
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52 |
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INSTITUTIONS.
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XXVIII. |
Institutional and other special types of Population in England and Wales
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59 |
XXIX. |
Institutional and other special types of Population. Age Distribution (Inmates only)
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60 |
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SEXES, AGES AND MARTIAL CONDITIONS.
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XXX. |
Ratio of Females to 1,000 Males. England and Wales
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61 |
XXXI. |
Proportions of Females per 1,000 Males. England and Wales and Counties
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62 |
XXXII. |
Countries arranged in order of 1921 Sex Proportions, showing also 1911 comparisons
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63 |
XXXIII. |
Population of England and Wales in Age Groups, 1921 and 1911
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65 |
XXXIV. |
Proportionate Population of England and Wales in Age Groups, 1921 and 1911
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65 |
XXXV. |
Number of Males and Females in various Age Groups in 1,000 Persons at all Ages in several Countries
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67 |
XXXVI. |
Age Distribution of the Population in various Countries per cent. of that in England and Wales, 1921
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68 |
XXXVII. |
Sex and Age Constitution of sections of the Population, 1921
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71 |
XXXVIII. |
Comparison by Age Groups of Enumerated Population in 1921, with the Numbers expected by survivorship from the 1911 Enumerated Population after allowing for the Births, Civilian Deaths and Civilian Migration of the intervening Period
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79 |
XXXIX. |
Age, Sex and Martial Condition Distribution, 1921
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81 |
XL. |
Excess of Females in the marriageable Population (i.e., Single and Widowed, and Divorced), aged 20 years and over
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82 |
XLI. |
Martial Conditions: Proportions by Sexes in Age Groups. England and Wales (1881-1921), Large Aggregates and Geographical Divisions (1921)
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83 |
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EDUCATION.
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XLII. |
Education-Sex and Age Incidence, England and Wales
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85 |
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OCCUPATIONS AND INDUSTRIES.
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XLIII. |
Proportion of Occupied per 1,000 Males and Females at certain Age Groups. England and Wales, Six Industrial Areas, and each Administrative County (with associated County Boroughs)
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90 |
XLIV. |
Proportion (per 1,000 Males aged 12 years and over) of those engaged in the several Occupational Orders or Sub-Orders and locally important occupations. England and Wales, etc. |
94 |
XLV. |
Relative positions of the Six Industrial Areas and of the several Administrative Counties in respect of the incidence among Males aged 12 and over of those engaged in certain Occupational Orders
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98 |
XLVI. |
Relative numerical importance of Agricultural Occupations, Males
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100 |
XLVII. |
Females per cent. of total Workers in the chief Textile Occupations
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107 |
XLVIII. |
Workers (both sexes) in various Textile Occupations per cent. of total Textile Workers
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108 |
XLIX. |
Proportion (per 1,000 Females aged 12 years and over) of those engaged in the several Occupational Orders or Sub-Orders and locally important occupations. England and Wales, etc. |
118 |
L. |
Males in each Occupation reduced to the standard of 1,000 and classified in 12 Age Groups
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128 |
LI. |
Females in each Occupation reduced to the standard of 1,000 and classified in 12 Age Groups
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133 |
LII. |
Occupied Males in each of 16 Age Groups reduced to the standard of 1,000 and classified according to 42 Occupational Orders or Sub-Orders and important single occupations
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135 |
LIII. |
Occupied Females in each of 16 Age Groups reduced to the standard of 1,000 and classified according to the 31 Occupational Orders and important single occupations
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136 |
LIV. |
Numbers aged 10 and over engaged in certain Industries, 1881-1921 |
143 |
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BIRTHPLACE AND NATIONALITY.
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LV. |
Birthplaces of Persons, Males and Females, and Proportions per 100,000 of the total Population of each sex, 1921
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147 |
LVI. |
Birthplaces of the Population, 1851-1921. Proportions per 100,000 Persons. England and Wales
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147 |
LVII. |
Administrative Counties (with associated County Boroughs) and Large Towns with highest Proportions of Natives of Scotland
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148 |
LVIII. |
Administrative Counties (with associated County Boroughs) and Large Towns with highest Proportions of Natives of Ireland
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148 |
LIX. |
Persons born in Dominions, Colonies, etc.
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149 |
LX. |
Administrative Counties (with associated County Boroughs) and Large Towns with highest Proportions of Colonial born
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150 |
LXI. |
Persons born in Foreign Countries, distinguishing British Subjects and Foreigners, and enumerated in England and Wales at each census, 1851-1921
|
150 |
LXII. |
Large Towns with high Proportions of British Subjects born in Foreign Countries
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151 |
LXIII. |
Aliens by Country of Birth and Nationality
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153 |
LXIV. |
Birthplaces of Persons of Foreign Nationality, 1901-1921
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154 |
LXV. |
Large Towns with high Proportions of Foreigners (including Persons born abroad whose Nationality was not stated)
|
155 |
LXVI. |
Local Distribution of Foreigners
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156 |
LXVII. |
Sex, Age and Martial Condition Distribution per 10,000 Persons—All Foreigners and certain Nationalities
|
158 |
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DEPENDENCY, ORPHANHOOD AND FERTILITY.
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LXVIII. |
Comparison of "Enumerated" and "Dependent" Children
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162 |
LXIX. |
Discrepancy between Enumerated Children and Dependents of Married Men, Widowers, and Widows
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164 |
LXX. |
Distribution of Families by Size
|
165 |
LXXI. |
Distribution of Families by Age of Parent
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167 |
LXXII. |
Distribution (by Ages of Parents in combination) of Families of Married Men and Married Women enumerated on the same schedule
|
168 |
LXXIII. |
Dependency by Geographical Regions
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169 |
LXXIV. |
Dependency by Counties: Average number of Children under 16 per Family
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169 |
LXXV. |
Dependency by Occupation, Married men. Average number of Children under 16 years of age in Family
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170 |
LXXVI. |
Orphanhood by Age. England and Wales
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172 |
LXXVII. |
Number of Males per 1,000 Females in the several Orphan Categories
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172 |
LXXVIII. |
Orphanhood in Geographical Divisions
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173 |
LXXIX. |
Relation of Husbands' and Wives' Ages
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175 |
LXXX. |
Relative Fertility by Age of Parent
|
177 |
LXXXI. |
Relative Fertility by combined Ages of Husband and Wife
|
179 |
LXXXII. |
Relative Fertility in relation to size of existing Family (number of children under 15 years of age)
|
180 |
LXXXIII. |
Relative Fertility by Geographical Regions
|
182 |
LXXXIV. |
Relative Fertility by Occupational—Married Men
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183 |
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WELSH LANGUAGE.
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LXXXV. |
Wales and Monmouthshire — Proportional Numbers speaking English only, Welsh only, and both English and Welsh, 1891-1921
|
184 |
LXXXVI. |
English and Welsh Languages: Proportion per 1,000 aged 3 years and upwards at certain Age Groups returned as able to speak English only, Welsh only, and both English and Welsh, 1911 and 1921
|
185 |
LXXXVII. |
Population in various Language and Age Groups compared with expected survivors from corresponding Groups in 1911 at ages 10 years younger
|
186 |
LXXXVIII. |
Proportion per 1,000 persons aged 3 years and over in respect of whom Language Statements were returned
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188 |
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WORKPLACES.
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XC. |
Comparison of Night and Day Populations. London
|
193 |
XCI. |
Movements relating to Boroughs and Urban Districts within Greater London
|
193 |
XCII. |
Daily movements to and from Towns outside Greater London with Night Populations in excess of 20,000
|
196 |
DIAGRAMS.
APPENDICES.
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